Without talking nonsense, go straight to the topic. Follow the learning steps first:
First, get to know the camera
We have many keys on our camera and what they are for us to know in advance. Also for what knowledge we talked about later, which button we need to adjust the parameters through, but I don’t know where the button is!
So to know your own camera, it is our weapon, it is recommended to hold the camera and read it according to the manual!
2. Exposure and exposure three elements
Three elements of exposure: aperture, shutter speed, and ISO sensitivity.
1. Exposure
Exposure is simply the brightness of our picture, and we compare correct exposure to a glass of water:
When the water is less than one cup, the brightness of the picture is not enough, so it is called underexposure, also known as underexposure.
When the water exceeds one cup, the exposure brightness is too bright, so it is called overexposure, also known as overexposure.
2. Aperture
Aperture is the size of the aperture of the light entering the camera, just like the size of the aperture of the water pipe, the larger the diameter of the water pipe, the more water per unit time, so the larger the aperture, the more light intake, so the more exposure, the brighter the picture. At the same time, the size of the aperture has a great influence on the depth of field, that is, it has a great impact on the blur and clarity of the background.
The larger the aperture (the smaller the value), the larger the aperture of the light intake, the more light in, so the greater the exposure, the higher the brightness of the picture, the lighter the depth of field, and the higher the degree of background bokeh (the blurrier the background).
The smaller the aperture (the larger the value), the smaller the aperture of the light intake, the less light intake, so the smaller the exposure, the darker the brightness of the picture, the greater the depth of field, and the higher the background clarity (the clearer the background).
3. Shutter speed
Shutter speed refers to the length of time light enters the camera, which refers to the time when the shutter is open and when it is closed.
It’s like the length of time the water pipe is released, the longer the time, the more water it is.
The faster the shutter speed and the shorter the light entry time, the less light in, the smaller the exposure, and the darker the picture.
The slower the shutter time, the longer the light entry time, the more light in, the greater the exposure, and the brighter the picture.
The high-speed shutter can capture moving objects and freeze the wonderful moments of movement.
The slow shutter can smooth and soften the flow of waterfalls, clouds, mist, and shoot track light painting, etc., to create a different beauty.
4. Sensitivity ISO
Sensitivity is how sensitive a photosensitive element is to light.
With the same light brightness, the higher the sensitivity, the more sensitive the photosensitive element is to light, and the brighter the picture.
High sensitivity can produce noise, and caution is generally recommended.
Third, white balance
The color temperature has to be mentioned in the white balance, which is related to whether it gives people a feeling of cold or warm tones.
Simply put, it is the setting of the color temperature K value in the camera, we will not discuss the theory here, otherwise the article is too cumbersome.
Generally, the K value is calculated as the intermediate value in 5000 as a benchmark:
When we want the picture to be blue and cold, adjust the K value below 5000;
When we want the picture to be yellow and warm, adjust the K value to above 5000.
4. Exposure compensation
Exposure compensation is the function of increasing the brightness of the picture after our metering or reducing the light, this function is to prevent metering from failing at some times and setting up, there is a “white plus black minus” principle, but today do not talk about this principle of a little around, everyone just need to remember:
If the picture is dark after shooting, you can adjust the exposure compensation in the positive direction to increase the exposure;
If the picture is bright after shooting, you can adjust the exposure compensation in the negative direction to reduce the exposure.
5. Metering and metering mode
Metering is a process in which our camera measures the light of the picture.
The metering modes mainly include evaluative metering (average metering), center-weighted average metering, and spot metering.
1. Evaluation metering (average metering)
That is, the camera divides the picture into small squares, and then counts the average final exposure after measuring the light of each small square, which is so troublesome to say, but it is actually a very short process. It is a very useful metering method, but it is not very practical for large light ratio scenes.
2. Center-weighted average metering
This metering mode is to average metering the middle area of the camera, which is not for the entire picture, it is the most practical metering method, because most of our cameras rely on metering the most central area of the picture, and the applicable occasions are also the widest.
3. Spot metering
Spot metering is the most accurate metering method for a small point of our time, which can ensure that the metering of our subject is the most accurate.
Here has to mention the point measurement linkage, Nikon cameras basically have this function, other cameras only a small part of it, point measurement linkage means that the focus point and metering are the same point, can well ensure the focus and metering of the subject, because our subject is sometimes not necessarily in the middle.
6. Focus and focus mode
Focusing is the process of making our subject clear.
1. Manual focusing
Relying on manually adjusting the zoom ring to adjust the clarity of the subject is generally used when autofocus is not enough, after all, manual adjustment is a waste of time.
2. One-shot autofocus
Focus on the subject once, suitable for still life.
3. Continuous autofocus
After pressing the shutter halfway, the object is continuously focused, the object moves, and keeping the shutter press halfway allows the focus point to follow the moving object, which is suitable for shooting moving objects.
4. Fully automatic focusing
Use the camera to determine the focus point for yourself, and automatically switch between single AF and continuous focus, depending on whether the subject is moving or not.
After understanding these six points, you can simply get started, welcome to the world of photography!
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